人工智能 (AI)、机器人流程自动化 (RPA)、机器学习 (ML) 和认知平台的融合具有潜在的破坏性，以至于世界经济论坛创始人克劳斯·施瓦布 (Klaus Schwab) 将其称为“第四次工业革命”。
人工智能是机器以通常归因于人类的方式执行任务和解决问题的能力。然而，人工智能机器受到其编程的手动性质的限制——它们不能做或学会做任何其他事情。
机器人流程自动化是一种新兴的业务流程自动化技术形式，基于软件机器人或 AI 工作者的概念。
机器学习是人工智能的一个分支，是所有大型互联网公司赖以建立的基础。这是使系统能够根据提供给它们的数据自动学习和改进的过程。例如，搜索引擎利用经过严格打磨的算法来对搜索查询的响应进行排名、提供建议并为给定用户选择最相关的内容。
深度学习是以人脑为模型的，而且要复杂得多。与机器学习不同，深度学习可以教会机器忽略声音或图像的重要特征之外的所有特征。深度学习为无人驾驶汽车和医学分析系统打开了大门，这些系统在识别早期肿瘤方面比人眼更有效。
认知过程自动化是通过机器人过程自动化、机器学习、认知平台和高级分析的融合实现的。
认知增强模拟人类活动，例如感知、推断、收集证据、假设和推理。当与先进的自动化、分析、移动和云技术相结合时，可以训练这些系统执行判断密集型任务。
什么是机器人技术？
机器人技术是处理物理机器人的技术分支。机器人是可编程机器，通常能够自主或半自主地执行一系列动作。
在我看来，构成机器人的三个重要因素：
- 机器人通过传感器和执行器与物理世界交互。
- 机器人是可编程的。
- 机器人通常是自主或半自主的。
我说机器人“通常”是自主的，因为有些机器人不是。例如，远程机器人完全由人类操作员控制，但远程机器人仍被归类为机器人技术的一个分支。这是机器人定义不是很清楚的一个例子。
示例：人工智能协作机器人
您可以使用 AI 扩展协作机器人的功能。
想象一下，您想为您的协作机器人添加一个摄像头。机器人视觉属于“感知”范畴，通常需要人工智能算法。假设您希望协作机器人检测到它正在拾取的物体，并根据物体的类型将其放置在不同的位置。这将涉及训练一个专门的视觉程序来识别不同类型的物体。
Artificial Intelligence for Robotics CS 7638代写案例
Introduction
In this project, you will implement search algorithms to navigate a robot through a warehouse to pick up and
deliver boxes to a designated drop zone area. The template code provides 3 classes, one for each part of the
project: DeliveryPlanner_Part[A, B, C]
• You may share code between part A, B, and C
• Your submission will consist of a single file: warehouse.p
Grading
• The weighting for each part is:
–Part A = 40%
–Part B = 40%
–Part C = 20%
•Within each part, each test case is equally weighted.
•Part A and B have opportunities for extra credit. Any extra credit earned in these parts will supplement
lost points in another part. The overall max score for this project is 101% (1% extra credit).
Part A Rules & Costs for Motions
• The robot may move in 8 directions (N, E, S, W, NE, NW, SE, SW)
•The robot may not move outside the warehouse. The warehouse does not “wrap” around (it is not
cyclic).
• Two spaces are considered adjacent if they share an edge or a corner.
• The robot may pick up a box that is in an adjacent square.
•The robot may put a box down in an adjacent square, so long as the adjacent square is empty (.or@).
• While holding a box, the robot may not pick up another box.
• There are 4 kinds of motions that the robot can take:
–[cost]: type
–[ 2 ]: horizontal or vertical movement
–[ 3 ]: diagonal movement
–[ 4 ]: pick up box (regardless the direction)
–[ 2 ]: put down box (regardless the direction)
•If a box is placed on the
@space, it is considered delivered and is removed from the warehouse, thus the
@space is still traversable after dropping a box on it.
•The warehouse will be arranged so that it is always possible for the robot to move to the next box on the todo list without having to rearrange any other boxes.
• The robot will end up in the same location when an illegal motion is performed.
• An illegal motion will incur a penalty cost of 100 in addition to the motion cost.
• Illegal motions include:
–attempting to move to a nonadjacent, nonexistent, or occupied space
–attempting to pick up a nonadjacent or nonexistent box
–attempting to pick up a box while already holding one (attempting to put down a box while not holding one)
–attempting to put down a box on a nonadjacent, nonexistent, or occupied space (this means the robot may not drop a box on the drop zone while the robot is occupying the drop zone)
